HMGCR - Antibodies - The Human Protein Atlas


	Antibody HPA008338	Antibody CAB016797

ANTIBODY INFORMATION
Provider	Atlas Antibodies Sigma-Aldrich	Merck (Formerly Upstate)
Product name	HPA008338	07-457
Host species	Rabbit	Rabbit
Clonalityⁱ The antibodies are designated mAB for monoclonal and pAb for polyclonal.	pAb	pAb
Concentration	0.065 mg/ml	Not known
Purity	Affinity purified using the PrEST-antigen as affinity ligand	Not known
Released in versionⁱ The release of the Human Protein Atlas in which the antibody was first published.	9.0	9.0
Referencesⁱ References to publications in which the antibody has been used.	9
Proper citation	Atlas Antibodies Cat#HPA008338, RRID:AB_10960401	n/a
Validation summaryⁱ All assays through which the antibody has been validated. Assays&annotation provide a detailed description of the different assays. The pie-charts indicate degree of validation.	N/A ICC IHC WB PA	N/A ICC IHC WB N/A PA

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRYⁱ Immunohistochemistry is used for validating antibody reliability by assessing staining pattern in 44 normal tissues. Validation scores include Enhanced, Supported, Approved and Uncertain. Read more
Validationⁱ Results of validation by standard or enhanced validation based on assessment of antibody performance in 44 normal tissues. Standard validation results in scores Supported, Approved or Uncertain. An image representative of the antibody staining pattern is shown. Enhanced validation results in the score Enhanced and includes two methods: Orthogonal validation and Independent antibody validation. For orthogonal validation, representative images of high and low expression are shown. For independent antibody validation, four images of each independent antibody are displayed. Read more	Approvedⁱ Immunohistochemistry is used for validating antibody reliability by assessing staining pattern in 44 normal tissues. Validation scores include Enhanced, Supported, Approved and Uncertain. Read more Immunohistochemical staining of human colon shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in glandular cells.	Approvedⁱ Immunohistochemistry is used for validating antibody reliability by assessing staining pattern in 44 normal tissues. Validation scores include Enhanced, Supported, Approved and Uncertain. Read more Immunohistochemical staining of human stomach shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in glandular cells.

Retrievalⁱ Antigen retrieval is a method used to restore/retrieve the epitope (antibody bidning region) of the target protein, cross-linked, and thus masked, during tissue preserving fixative treatment of the tissues. Read more	HIER pH6	HIER pH6
Antibody dilution	1:40	1:150
Literature conformityⁱ Conformance of the expression pattern with available gene/protein characterization data in scientific literature and data from bioinformatic predictions. UniProt is used as the main source of gene/protein characterization data and when relevant, available publications and other sources of information are researched in depth. Extensive or sufficient gene/protein data requires that there is evidence of existence on a protein level and that a substantial quantity of published experimental data is available from literature and public databases. Limited protein/gene characterization data does not require evidence of existence on a protein level and refers to genes for which only bioinformatic predictions and scarce published experimental data is available.	Partly consistent with extensive gene/protein characterization data.	Partly consistent with extensive gene/protein characterization data.
RNA consistencyⁱ Consistency between immunohistochemistry data and mRNA data from HPA, GTEX and FANTOM5 is divided into five different categories: i) High consistency, ii) Medium consistency, iii) Low consistency, iv) Very low consistency, and v) Cannot be evaluated	Medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.	Medium consistency between antibody staining and RNA expression data.
WESTERN BLOTⁱ A Western blot analysis is performed on a panel of human tissues and cell lines to evaluate antibody specificity. For antibodies with unreliable result a revalidation using an over-expression lysate is performed. Read more
Validationⁱ Western Blot is used for quality control of the polyclonal antibodies generated in the project. After purification, the antibodies are used to detect bands in a setup of lysate and different tissues. The result is then scored Enhanced, Supported, Approved, or Uncertain. Enhanced validation includes five different methods: Genetic validation, Recombinant expression validation, Independent antibody validation, Orthogonal validation and Capture MS validation. Read more	Uncertainⁱ The staining of an antibody is evaluated by Western Blot through analysis of samples from different cell lysates. A supportive score is given if band(s) of predicted size in kDa (+/-20%) is detected. Single band differing more than +/-20% from predicted size in kDa and not supported by experimental and/or bioinformatic data. Analysis performed using a standard panel of samples. 230 130 95 72 56 36 28 17 11 Antibody dilution: 1:250	Supportedⁱ The staining of an antibody is evaluated by Western Blot through analysis of samples from different cell lysates. A supportive score is given if band(s) of predicted size in kDa (+/-20%) is detected. Band of predicted size in kDa (+/-20%) with additional bands present. Analysis performed using a standard panel of samples. 250 130 95 72 55 36 28 17 11 Antibody dilution: 1:500
PROTEIN ARRAY
Validationⁱ A protein array containing 384 different antigens including the antibody target is used to analyse antibody specificity. Depending on the array interaction profile the antibody is scored as Supported, Approved, or Uncertain. Read more	Supported Pass with single peak corresponding to interaction only with its own antigen. Antibody specificity analysis with protein arrays. Predicted and matching interactions are shown in green. Antibody dilution: 1:3000
RELEVANT PUBLICATIONS
	Targeting HMG-CoA reductase with statins in a window-of-opportunity breast cancer trial Bjarnadottir O et al Breast Cancer Res Treat 2013;138(2):499-508
	HMG-CoA reductase expression in primary colorectal cancer correlates with favourable clinicopathological characteristics and an improved clinical outcome Bengtsson E et al Diagn Pathol 2014;9:78
	Tumor-specific expression of HMG-CoA reductase in a population-based cohort of breast cancer patients Gustb&eacute;e E et al BMC Clin Pathol 2015;15:8 Application: IHC
	High expression of cholesterol biosynthesis genes is associated with resistance to statin treatment and inferior survival in breast cancer Kimbung S et al Oncotarget 2016;7(37):59640-59651 Application: IHC
	HMG-CoAR expression in male breast cancer: relationship with hormone receptors, Hippo transducers and survival outcomes Di Benedetto A et al Sci Rep 2016;6:35121 Application: IHC
	Statin use, candidate mevalonate pathway biomarkers, and colon cancer survival in a population-based cohort study Gray RT et al Br J Cancer 2017;116(12):1652-1659 Application: IHC
	Cilia loss sensitizes cells to transformation by activating the mevalonate pathway Deng YZ et al J Exp Med 2018;215(1):177-195 Application: WB
	Interactions Between Genotype and Preoperative Statin Use Impact Clinical Outcomes Among Breast Cancer Patients Tryggvadottir H et al Front Oncol 2018;8:428 Application: IHC
	Artesunate inhibits the mevalonate pathway and promotes glioma cell senescence Wei S et al J Cell Mol Med 2020;24(1):276-284 Application: WB
ANTIGEN INFORMATION
Antigen	Recombinant protein fragment	Synthetic peptide
Length (aa)	140
Antigen sequence	`MAGSIGGYNAHAANIVTAIYIACGQDAAQNVGSSNCITLMEASGPTNEDL YISCTMPSIEIGTVGGGTNLLPQQACLQMLGVQGACKDNPGENARQLARI VCGTVMAGELSLMAALAAGHLVKSHMIHNRSKINLQDLQG`
Matching transcripts	HMGCR-201 - ENSP00000287936 [100%] HMGCR-202 - ENSP00000340816 [100%] HMGCR-209 - ENSP00000426745 [100%]
Matching mouse transcripts	ENSMUSP00000022176 [99%] ENSMUSP00000128642 [60%] ENSMUSP00000128939 [56%] ENSMUSP00000023222 [19%] ENSMUSP00000045084 [17%] ENSMUSP00000132155 [11%]
ANTIGEN VIEWⁱ The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped. At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target. Below the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50). The region with the lowest possible identity is always selected for antigen design, with a maximum identity of 60% allowed for designing a single-target antigen (read more). The curve in blue displays the predicted antigenicity i.e. the tendency for different regions of the protein to generate an immune response, with peak regions being predicted to be more antigenic.The curve shows average values based on a sliding window approach using an in-house propensity scale. (read more). If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed. Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.
HMGCR-201 HMGCR-202 HMGCR-209